• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a small fire system, in particular stove (1), fireplace insert, furnace insert and the like for solid fuels, with a fuel supply chamber (3) connected to a combustion chamber (7) via a feed region (4), wherein the solid fuel stored in the fuel reservoir (3) flows into the combustion chamber (7) is conveyed via a drive means (5) which is arranged and movably mounted in the feed region (4) and is driven in rotation by a mechanically formed drive unit (6), wherein the drive unit (6) comprises at least one magnet as an eddy current brake (9). comprises, which is at least one particular rotating engagement element (11, 12, 13) of the drive unit (6) or the drive means (5) is engaged or engageable.
    公开号:AT514665A2
    申请号:T527/2014
    申请日:2014-07-02
    公开日:2015-02-15
    发明作者:Franz Koppe
    申请人:Erwin Koppe Keramische Heizgeräte GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    The invention relates to a small fire system, in particular a stove, a fireplace insert, furnace insert and the like. For solid fuels, with a fuel supply chamber connected to a fuel storage space, wherein the stockpiled in the fuel storage solid fuel from the fuel storage space in the combustion chamber via a arranged in the feed and movable supported drive means is conveyed, which is driven in rotation via a drive unit. The drive unit is mechanically formed. One form of a small fire system for solid fuels is the so-called pellet stove or pellet heating. There are also large-scale systems for heating entire houses, in the present application particular small fire systems are addressed to 25kW.
    To regulate the consumption of the pellets, it is known to transport them with a conveyor roller as a drive means controlled in the combustion chamber, so that the heat development is regulated. Usually, the drive means are controlled by means of an electric drive unit. From DE 10 2010 046 356 Al, a small fire system emerges in which the drive unit is constructed purely mechanically. This has the advantage that the small fire system can be operated independently of a power supply, for example on huts. This allows the small fire system to replace conventional stoves burning logs.
    In the case of the small fire system known from DE 10 2010 046 356 A1, there is the disadvantage that it has only one gear regulation for setting the solid fuel feed, but no further or more finely adjustable one
    Regulation allows.
    The invention is therefore the object of 'a small fire system with the features of the preamble of claim 1 such that the feed of the combustion chamber with solid fuel is regulated to a better degree.
    This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims 2-12.
    As the core of the invention, it is considered to provide the drive unit with at least one acting as an eddy current brake magnet which engages or can be brought with at least one engagement element of the drive unit or the drive means. In any case, the engagement element is driven by the drive unit. During operation of the eddy current brake, the metal engaging element moves in the magnetic field of the magnet, whereby eddy currents are induced, which in turn cause a further magnetic field, which is directed against the external magnetic field of the magnet. Accordingly, the movement, in particular the rotation of the engagement member is counteracted and achieved a braking effect. An eddy current brake is ultimately a magnet which is in operative connection with the metallic engagement element. The interaction between the magnet and the engagement element is variable by, for example, the distance between the magnet and the engagement element or the orientation of the magnet is designed to be variable relative to the engagement element. Thus, in particular in certain positions of the magnet relative to the engagement element also almost no interaction between the magnet and the engagement element exist. In this case, the drive unit of the small fire system works unrestrained.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mechanical drive unit is designed in the manner of a clockwork. The eddy current brake is integrated in the housing of the timepiece drive, which comprises a mechanical energy store, which has weights, springs or the like for storing potential energy. Such an embodiment allows a continuous supply of fuel to the combustion chamber for a period of time independent of any power supply. In particular, the eddy current brake may be engaged with at least one gear of the timepiece drive. A gear of the clock drive can act as the substantially disc-shaped engagement element, with which the magnet of the eddy current brake cooperates. In this case, the generated magnetic field is inhomogeneous, so that during operation of the eddy current brake in the gears of the clockwork drive or in separate disk-shaped or plate-shaped engagement elements eddy currents are inducible. It is possible to form the magnet of the eddy current brake as a kind of point-shaped magnet whose magnetic field strength decreases with increasing distance. The magnetic field generated in this way is sufficiently inhomogeneous to cause a braking effect in cooperation with a gear of the clockwork drive or the separate engagement element, in particular a further metal disc which moves in the inhomogeneous magnetic field and in particular rotates.
    The engagement element coupled to the eddy current brake is preferably a surface-sized large rotating element of the drive unit. In particular, the engagement element may be formed as a metal disc, which is made of steel, for example. When operating the drive unit, the metal disc rotates. The induction effect is great
    Metal discs improved and thus an optimal braking effect of the eddy current brake is achieved.
    It is therefore preferably utilized that the at least one metal disc acting as an engagement element is provided on the mechanically operating drive unit, with which an operative connection with the magnet can be produced. Of course, several elements of the drive unit or the drive means can serve as engagement elements of the small fire system. As engagement elements in the context of the invention, all elements or units of the drive unit itself or driven by this elements of the small fire system are understood, which interact with the magnet and realize together with this the eddy current brake. Accordingly, an arrangement of the at least one magnet and of the at least one engagement element, which are in such an operative connection, that a braking effect can be achieved by induction of eddy currents is considered as an eddy current brake in the sense of the invention.
    In this way, a wear-free braking of the drive unit is made possible, which is still sensitive to regulate and not only gradually. This is surprising because eddy current brakes are usually used only in rail vehicles.
    Advantageously, the eddy current brake is designed as a permanent magnet or comprises at least one permanent magnet. In this embodiment, no power supply is needed and the small fire system can continue to be regulated without any power supply, which is desirable in particular with regard to the mechanical drive unit. · »» · * V · ···
    The permanent magnet is preferably mounted pivotably on an axis, so that the strength of the interaction between the steel disc and the permanent magnet is variable. In particular, can be achieved by pivoting the permanent magnet, a stepless adjustment of the braking force of the eddy current brake to realize a special sensitive regulation of the fuel supply.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pivot axis of the permanent magnet runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the steel disc. A pivoting of the permanent magnet thus causes a change in the inhomogeneous magnetic field with respect to acting as an engagement element steel disc, whereby the stepless adjustment of the eddy current brake for regulating in particular the pellet supply is made possible in the combustion chamber.
    In a further development of the invention, it is provided that the distance between the permanent magnet and the steel disc and / or a degree of overlap between the permanent magnet and the steel disc can be changed. Thus, in particularly preferred embodiments, both the orientation of the magnetic field or the lateral coverage and the distance between the magnet and the steel disc in a stop position are selected such that a braking effect of the eddy current brake is maximized. In particular, the distance between the permanent magnet and the steel disc is minimized. In a release or high position, the distance of the permanent magnet to the steel disc corresponds to a maximum, at the same time the lateral coverage corresponds to a minimum, so that the fuel supply is largely unrestrained.
    Alternatively, the eddy current brake can also be designed as an electromagnet. It is sufficient to provide a battery as a power source, which is why in this embodiment, at least no power supply to the mains must be present. Of course, it is possible, in particular in residential buildings to design the eddy current brake in the form of an electromagnet such that it can be connected to the mains. A power supply independent configuration is of course preferable where a connection to the power grid is not possible. The power network designates both the public power grid as well as private power grids, for example in the form of an emergency generator or the like., Which may be provided to power a house.
    In embodiments which comprise eddy current brakes comprising electromagnets, a continuous adjustment of the braking force effect can be effected in a particularly simple way by regulating the coil current of the electromagnet.
    Regardless of whether the at least one magnet of the eddy current brake is designed as a permanent magnet or as an electromagnet, an adjusting device is preferably provided on the outside of the small fire system, through which the braking force of the eddy current brake is adjustable. Thus, embodiments having permanent magnets are provided to adjust the distance and / or the lateral overlap between the permanent magnet and the engagement element by means of the adjustment device. Accordingly, in electromagnets comprehensive embodiments is provided to realize the adjustment of the braking force by means of regulation of the coil current. In any case, a particularly simple handling and adjustment of the braking force during operation of the small fire system is possible.
    To improve the maintainability of the small fire system is provided to connect the drive means releasably connected to the drive unit, so that the drive unit can be removed as a drive module from the small fire system. This allows a particularly simple maintenance of the drive unit or an exchange of a defective drive unit without great installation effort.
    In a stop position of the adjustment device, a brake element, in particular a spring plate, is preferably provided, which acts on the engagement element, in particular the steel disc, by mechanical engagement. The brake element thus has a supporting effect on the braking force effect of the eddy current brake, so that further movement of the drive unit or of the drive unit driven by the drive unit in the stop position is largely prevented and a fuel supply to the combustion chamber is stopped.
    In a further development of the invention, an elevator mechanism for supplying mechanical energy is provided in embodiments which have a clockwork drive. The elevator mechanism is secured against over-rotation by a torque-secured actuating lever, which is designed in particular as a torque ratchet, in order to avoid damage to the clockwork drive during mounting.
    The invention is explained in more detail with reference to embodiments in the drawing figures. These show:
    1 shows schematically a cross section of essential parts of the small fire system,
    Fig. 2 shows a schematic structure of an eddy current brake according to a first embodiment and
    3 shows a schematic structure of an eddy current brake according to a second embodiment,
    4 shows a schematic structure of a drive unit with an eddy current brake according to a third embodiment, wherein the eddy current brake is shown in an exemplary "stop position". and a "great position" is positioned
    5 shows a schematic structure of the drive unit according to the third embodiment, wherein the eddy current brake in an "intermediate position" by way of example. and a "small position" is positioned.
    Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.
    Figure 1 shows schematically a small fire system in the form of a stove 1 with a housing 2, in which the individual units of the stove 1 are arranged. The stove 1 comprises a fuel storage space 3, a feed area 4 with a conveyor roller as the drive means 5, a drive unit 6 and a combustion chamber 7. The drive unit 6 comprises a mechanically operating drive device 8 and an eddy current brake 9.
    The graphically not shown pellets or other solid fuels, such as wood chips or the like, are stored in the fuel storage space 3, transferred via the feed region 4 by means of the conveying roller 5 in the combustion chamber 7 and burned there. In this case, the rotational speed of the conveying roller 5 is predetermined and adjustable by the drive unit 6.
    FIG. 2 shows a drive unit 6 in a first
    Embodiment, wherein the drive device 8 of the drive unit 6 is formed in the manner of a clockwork.
    A drive spring 10 can be mounted by means of a not shown and manually operable actuating lever or the like., The drive spring 10 is supplied mechanical energy. The stored in the drive spring 10 potential energy is converted via gears 11, 12, 13 and possibly other elements in rotation and transmitted to the conveyor roller 5 to generate its rotational movement.
    In this case, the gear 12 acts as a metallic engagement element 12, which is in operative connection with a permanent magnet 14. The arrangement of the permanent magnet 14 and the engagement member 12 forms the eddy current brake 9 according to the first embodiment. The magnet of the eddy current brake 9 is shown in Figure 2 as a permanent magnet 14 and a bar magnet. This is arranged purely schematically, in fact it is movably mounted, so that both the orientation of the inhomogeneous magnetic field generated by it with respect to the engagement element 12 and the distance between the permanent magnet 14 and the engagement element 12 is variable. This causes a stepless adjustment of the braking force of the eddy current brake. 9
    The drive means 5, the drive device 8 and the eddy current brake 9 are each to be regarded as units to be realized independently of each other, d. H. that the drive means 5 can be realized as a conveyor roller, -schnecke, -schaufei or any other way. The drive means 5 is designed as a conveying element for charging the combustion chamber 7 with solid fuel, which uses the mechanically stored energy in the drive spring 10 to promote the fuel.
    In turn, the drive device 8 does not have to be designed in the manner of a clockwork, but any other mechanical drive device with at least one moving metallic engagement element 12 can also be used. The movement of the engagement element 12 takes place in such a way that it takes place in the inhomogeneous magnetic field of the eddy current brake 9. In a non-illustrated embodiment of the invention, the mechanical drive unit 6 comprises an energy storage for storing potential energy, which is designed as an array of weights, which are connected via tension bands and other transmission means to the drive means 5, so that this to promote the solid fuel energy can be fed.
    The eddy current brake 9 can be formed in several ways, as will be shown below. In principle, any type of eddy current brake 9 can interact with any type of drive device 8, as long as the drive device 8 has, as already mentioned, a moving metallic engagement element 12.
    The engagement element 12 is preferably formed large in area. This allows the formation of strong eddy currents with a corresponding position of the permanent magnet 14, so that the braking force of the eddy current brake 9 is improved to decelerate the drive means 5. In particular, due to the larger area of the engagement element 12 formed as a gear compared to the gears 11 and 13 can generate a greater interaction of the magnetic field over the surface of the gear 12 with less effort than is the case with the gears 11 and 13. These are smaller in terms of their surface.
    Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of the eddy current brake 9, wherein the magnet of the eddy current brake 9 designed as an electromagnet 15. The other elements essentially correspond to the parts already described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
    In Figure 3, the arrangement of the eddy current brake 9 with respect to the gears 11, 12 and 13 is shown in cross section.
    The interaction between the eddy current brake 9 and the gear 12 is possible by changing the current within the conductor of the electromagnet 15. Alternatively, the braking effect of the eddy current brake 9 in the form of the permanent magnet 14 or the electromagnet 15 can also be changed by varying the distance between the eddy current brake 9 and the gearwheel 12. The greater the distance between the gearwheel 12 and the eddy current brake 9, the weaker is the influence of the magnetic field and, accordingly, the inhomogeneities and thus also the braking force of the eddy current brake 9 are lower.
    The position of the eddy current brake 9 or the current flow through the conductor of the eddy current brake 9 is preferably adjustable by an adjustment device on the outside of the small fire system.
    It is understood that the engagement element 12 may also be designed as a separate metal disc. FIGS. 4-5 show by way of example a third exemplary embodiment of the invention in which the engagement element 12 is designed as a steel disc which is arranged on a rotation axis 16. During operation of the drive unit 6, the steel disc 12 rotates in the inhomogeneous magnetic field that is generated by a magnet 14.
    The operation of the eddy current brake 9 according to the third embodiment of the invention substantially corresponds to the embodiment already shown in Figure 2. The permanent magnet 14 of the third embodiment is pivotally mounted on a pivot axis 17 which is parallel to the rotation axis 16.
    A pivoting of the permanent magnet 14 with respect to the engagement member 12 is effected via a manual operation of the adjusting device, which is arranged on the outside of the small fire system 1. Accordingly, the permanent magnet 14 with respect to the engagement member 12 can be positioned in different positions. The setting is infinitely variable. FIGS. 4 and 5 show, by way of example, different positions of the permanent magnet 14 with respect to the engagement element 12. In the various positions, both the distance between the permanent magnet 14 and the engagement element 12 and its orientation, in particular the lateral overlap between the permanent magnet 14 and the engagement element 12, are varied.
    FIG. 4 shows the permanent magnet 14 in a first position SO corresponding to a "stop position". corresponds, in which the braking force of the eddy current brake 9 is maximized. Accordingly, the distance between the permanent magnets 14 and the formed as a steel disc engagement member 12 is minimized. At the same time, the degree of lateral coverage between the permanent magnet 14 and the engagement member 12 is maximized. In addition to the braking force effect of the eddy current brake 9, a spring element designed as a brake element 18 acts on the engagement element 12 by mechanical engagement. A delivery of fuel is thus largely prevented in the stop position shown in Figure 4.
    Likewise, a fourth position S3 is shown in dashed lines in Figure 4, which leads to a "high position". the eddy current brake 9 corresponds, in which the permanent magnet 14 is positioned such that a braking force effect is largely prevented. Accordingly, the lateral coverage of the permanent magnet 14 with the engagement member 12 is minimized and the corresponding distance maximized. The running as a spring plate brake element 18 is also pivoted away from the engagement member 12. The fourth position S3 shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to a largely unrestrained delivery of fuel material.
    FIG. 5 shows further exemplary positions S2, S3 of the permanent magnet 14 with respect to the engagement element 12. The third position S2 corresponds to a "middle position", in which the permanent magnet 14 shows "big position" in broken lines in FIG. S3 is pivoted slightly in the direction of the engagement member 12. Accordingly, the braking force action of the eddy current brake 9 is compared to the "large position" shown in FIG. S3 slightly increased. The lateral coverage of the permanent magnet 14 is with respect to the engagement member 12 and the distance of the permanent magnet 14 is changed with respect to the engagement member 12 such that a larger braking force effect is achieved.
    Figure 5 shows in dashed lines the eddy current brake 9 of the drive unit 6 of the third embodiment in a second position Sl, the "small position". corresponds in which the braking force effect still further compared to the "middle position". S2 is increased. Accordingly, the permanent magnet 14 is further pivoted in the direction of the engagement member 12. The dashed line shown in Figure 5 "small position " S2 thus corresponds to a minimum delivery volume of the drive unit 6.
    The embodiment of the drive unit 6 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is detachably connected to the drive means 5, which is designed in particular as a conveyor roller. The drive unit 6 is designed as a removable drive module, so that it can be easily replaced in the event of a defect.
    REFERENCE LIST 1 Stove 2 Housing 3 Fuel reservoir 4 Feed section 5 Drive means 6 Drive unit 7 Combustion chamber 8 Drive device 9 Eddy current brake 10 Drive spring 11 Gear 12 Engagement element 13 Gear 14 Permanent magnet 15 Electromagnet 16 Rotation axis 17 Second axis 18 Brake element 50 First position 51 Second position 52 Third position 53 Fourth position
    claims:
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    PATENT CLAIMS 1. Small fire, in particular stove (1), fireplace insert, furnace insert and the like for solid fuels, with a fuel supply chamber (3) connected via a feed (4) with a combustion chamber (7), wherein the stored in the fuel storage space (3) solid fuel in the Combustion chamber (7) via a in the feed region (4) arranged and movably mounted drive means (5) is driven, which is driven in rotation via a mechanically formed drive unit (6), characterized in that the drive unit (6) at least one magnet as an eddy current brake (9) which engages or is engageable with at least one in particular rotating engagement element (11, 12, 13) of the drive unit (6) or the drive means (5).
    [2]
    2. Small fire system according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive unit (6) is designed in the manner of a clockwork and the eddy current brake (9) is integrated in the housing of the clockwork drive.
    [3]
    3. Small fire system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as an engagement element a large area rotating element (12) of the drive unit (6) in the form of a steel disc with the eddy current brake (14, 15) is coupled.
    [4]
    4. Small fire system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the eddy current brake (9) is designed as a permanent magnet (14), or comprises such.
    [5]
    5. small fire system according to claim 4, characterized in that the permanent magnet (14) is pivotably mounted on an axis such that the strength of the interaction between the steel disc and the permanent magnet (14) is variable.
    [6]
    6. small fire system according to claim 5, characterized in that the pivot axis (17) of the permanent magnet (16) extends to the axis of rotation of the steel disc.
    [7]
    7. Small fire system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the eddy current brake (9) is designed as an electromagnet (15).
    [8]
    8. Small fire system according to claim 7, characterized in that the coil current of the electromagnet (15) of the eddy current brake (9) is variable.
    [9]
    9. small fire system according to one of the preceding claims 4-6, characterized in that the distance and / or a lateral degree of overlap between the permanent magnet (14) and the steel plate is variable.
    [10]
    10. Small fire system according to one of the preceding claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the braking force of the eddy current brake (9) by an adjustment on the outside of the small fire system (1) is adjustable, by which either the distance and / or the lateral overlap between Permanent magnet (14) and engagement element (12) or the coil current is adjustable.
    [11]
    11. Small fire system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means (5) are detachably connected to the drive unit (6) and can be removed as a drive module from the small fire system.
    [12]
    12. Small fire system according to claim 10, characterized in that in a stop position of the adjusting device of the engagement element (steel disc) (12) is acted upon by a mechanical engagement by acting brake element, in particular a spring portion.
    [13]
    13. Small fire system according to claim 2, characterized in that an elevator mechanism of the movement drive by a torque-secured actuating lever, in particular a torque ratchet, is secured against over-rotation.

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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT514665A3|2016-04-15|
    AT514665B1|2017-08-15|
    DE102013013301A1|2015-02-12|
    DE102013013301B4|2017-03-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US501143A|1893-07-11|John w |
    DE102010046356A1|2010-09-24|2012-03-29|Erwin Koppe Keramische Heizgeräte GmbH|Small fire system, particularly wooden-burning stove, fireplace insert and stove insert, for solid fuels, has fuel reservoir that is connected with combustion chamber over transition area|
    DE102016108425A1|2016-05-06|2017-11-09|Kiekert Ag|Motor vehicle door lock|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102013013301.7A|DE102013013301B4|2013-08-12|2013-08-12|Consumer fireworks plant|
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